“A vida é um constante ato de equilíbrio entre a ilusão e a realidade”.

- Harry Houdini.

Maior retrospectiva já realizada sobre a obra de Vik Muniz, artista brasileiro de referência internacional reconhecido por investigar os limites entre imagem, matéria e percepção. A exposição reúne trabalhos tridimensionais do início de sua trajetória, séries fotográficas emblemáticas que marcaram sua produção ao longo dos anos e obras recentes, oferecendo um panorama abrangente de mais de três décadas de contribuição à arte contemporânea.

Ao articular processos, materiais e escalas distintas, a mostra evidencia a complexidade poética e conceitual de uma obra que tensiona os modos de ver, representar e compreender as imagens no mundo contemporâneo. “Vik Muniz – A olho nu” oferece uma experiência que combina impacto imediato e reflexão crítica, reafirmando o lugar do artista como um dos principais mediadores entre arte contemporânea, percepção visual e cultura compartilhada.

A visão é um dom. Embora o olho seja o veículo visionário primordial, é no cérebro que as imagens ganham significado. Enxergamos o possível de acordo com nossas afinidades, capacidades e limitações — e não necessariamente o que de fato é, ou o que os outros estão vendo ou desejam mostrar. A realidade enxergada é uma inevitável ilusão de ótica pessoal, que cada um compreende e interpreta à sua maneira.

A ilusão de ótica é um fenômeno que pode ser fisiológico, cognitivo ou literal, sendo amplamente utilizada por artistas — como no trompe l’œil, onde a visão é “confundida” de maneira engenhosa. O que vemos não é exatamente o que é, mas torna-se real a partir do momento em que o identificamos como tal. Um reconhecimento que é sempre fruto da imaginação combinado com referências adquiridas e uma aceitação daquela realidade.

Vik Muniz é um ilusionista — um mágico na construção de imagens que não existem, mas que se tornam reais. Suas obras possuem camadas que tensionam diferentes questões de cunho poético — aspectos formais e processuais — e político, abordagens e relações que estabelece com o sistema da arte.

A exposição A olho nu – Vik Muniz propõe um passeio pela produção do artista, desde suas obras tridimensionais, criadas antes do uso da câmera fotográfica, até suas séries de fotos mais conhecidas e as mais recentes. O recorte apresentado inclui esculturas, objetos e mais de uma centena de fotografias nas quais deslocamento de funções e reconfigurações de objetos do mundo estão evidentes e servem como fio condutor da seleção.

Esse conjunto aproxima a produção de Vik do universo (pop)ular, tão presente e recorrente na cultura nordestina — seja pela utilização de elementos do cotidiano, pela forma como os organiza ou pelas imagens que produz. Uma amálgama de temas, cores e materiais que pode ser observada em feiras livres, nas ruas e calçadas, nos bairros e festas populares, nas gambiarras, nos f ilmes da televisão, na liberdade das composições e na imaginativa criatividade do povo nordestino.

As obras dialogam com essas camadas do cotidiano, atravessando os espectadores por meio de um encantamento visual e um deslumbramento processual que despertam distintas interpretações cognitivas e sentimentos de afetividade e pertencimento. Trata-se, na verdade, da ativação da cosa mentale, mencionada por Marcel Duchamp — uma ideia que é formalizada por um suporte que se torna meio. No caso de Vik, os objetos do mundo e a fotografia.

Estamos vendo chocolate ou caviar? Jackson Pollock ou Che Guevara? Uma fotografia? Uma escultura de comida? Tudo que vemos se transforma e transmuta diante de nossos olhos.

Vik é um fotógrafo agricultor, um jardineiro que utiliza sementes diversas — açúcar, chocolate, caviar, diamantes, brinquedos de plástico, revistas, cartões-postais e até mesmo resíduos — que florescem em potentes imagens, re-retratando aquilo que parece já termos visto. Um déjà vu de forma e conteúdo: reconhecemos a figura retratada, assim como os materiais com os quais ela foi concebida, mas algo parece fora do lugar. Isso captura nosso olhar e ativa nossa mente. O termo “fotógrafo agricultor” foi cunhado por Jeff Wall, em contraposição à expressão “fotógrafo caçador”, designada por Ansel Adams.

O fotógrafo caçador é aquele que utiliza a câmera como uma espingarda, em busca da imagem perfeita, do momento mágico que ocorre ao seu redor — e que se estende ao fotojornalismo, à fotografia esportiva, de natureza, do cotidiano. O agricultor, por sua vez, constrói as imagens antes de executá-las — pensa, desenha, rabisca, testa, repete — e utiliza a máquina fotográfica para registrar uma composição previamente elaborada. Sem dúvida, Vik se tornou um dos principais fotógrafos agricultores da atualidade, seja por sua projeção internacional, seja pela longevidade de sua prática e pelas inúmeras séries que realizou.

Sua inspiração surgiu do avesso — da análise de fotografias feitas por outros de seus objetos tridimensionais da série Relicários (1989-2025), aqui apresentados. Ângulos errados, enquadramentos insatisfatórios e iluminações inadequadas, mas, ao mesmo tempo, transformações imagéticas provocadas pelo congelamento daquelas perspectivas, despertaram no artista a percepção das ausências e potências da linguagem fotográfica. Assim, decidiu assumir os registros de suas próprias criações — que passaram a ser as próprias obras — no avesso do avesso, dando nova torção ao seu assunto principal.

Na exposição A olho nu, exploramos seus processos e caminhos por meio de um mergulho cronológico que lança luz sobre a criação de um artista cuja genialidade está explícita na rigorosa simplicidade que orquestra ao longo de sua robusta trajetória. Vik vem construindo um panteão pictórico no qual os deslocamentos — de iconografias, materiais, técnicas, suportes e linguagens — são procedimentos centrais. Um transmutar de funções originais que torna o espectador cúmplice de um fazer artístico que nos captura como na mágica, pois conforme afirmou Houdini “a magia não reside nos truques que realizo, mas sim na capacidade de assombrar e maravilhar as pessoas”.

Um surrealismo fantástico e inventivo que coloca nossa própria realidade em xeque, sendo desafiada pela realidade poética criada pelo artista — uma poética que provoca encantamentos e questionamentos. Afinal, estamos vendo a Medusa? Ou apenas sobras de espaguete em um prato fundo? Serão as duas coisas, ou uma criação do acaso minuciosamente pensada? Para enxergarmos a poética que Vik propõe, precisamos nos despir de uma visão tradicional — e deixar nosso olho nu.

Daniel Rangel – Curador

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See It Now brings together bold, thought-provoking works from the collection of long-time Museum trustee Ann Schaffer and her husband, Mel Schaffer. For more than fifty years, the Schaffers have collected contemporary art with an adventurous spirit—following what moved them, challenged them, or sparked curiosity, rather than market trends.

Their collection includes a wide range of artists and approaches, from inventive installations and unexpected materials to intimate portraits and conceptual works. Across these differences runs a shared thread: each piece reflects a personal story or perspective on what it means to be human. Some works are playful, others unsettling, but all encourage us to look closely and engage with the complexity of our world.

Sikkema Malloy Jenkins is pleased to present Brushstrokes, a solo exhibition by Vik Muniz, on view from May 14 through June 20, 2026. A public reception with the artist will be held on Thursday, May 14 from 6–8pm.

Vik Muniz is globally renowned for his unique series recreating popular and art historical imagery, composed from unorthodox source materials—chocolate, sugar, scraps of paper, and junk, among a variety of unexpected media. His practice engages the act of looking as a space of physical and symbolic experience, where the presumption of an artwork’s objective nature can be thrillingly destabilized. In Brushstrokes, Muniz presents a vibrant homage to the groundbreaking pictorial language of Impressionist and Post-Impressionist painters. The images in this series were created from distinct strokes of paint that are photographed, cut out, and arranged into compositions after artists such as Paul Cézanne, Claude Monet, Joaquín Sorolla, and Vincent van Gogh. Their work offered a new way of seeing the world, realized through a sensorial expression of color, medium, and light. Drawing upon this history, Muniz embraces the ambiguities of material (re)creation as a source of visual experimentation and discovery.

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Sikkema Jenkins & Co. is pleased to present two solo exhibitions of new work by Vik Muniz. Surfaces and Museum of Ashes will be on view October 10 through November 16, 2019.

It was only after moving to the US in 1983 that Vik Muniz was able to physically engage with the art he had known exclusively through reproductions in Brazil. The separation between these two distinct experiences has become the core of a multi-faceted oeuvre spanning the course of three decades. Muniz’ work invites the viewer to wander in an ambiguous and somewhat disorienting territory between the image and its physical counterpart, between mind and matter, perception and phenomenon. This “metaphysical fitness,” as he calls it, awakens both the intellect and the senses to continuously chart new paths through an ever-changing reality. When past and present, as well as document and fact, become disrupted, the viewer is challenged to transcend interpretation and acknowledge the fragility of their own visual convictions.

Muniz works in series, sometimes starting with a material or technique that is applied to a diverse range of imagery. Other times, he selects a subject, theme, or family of images as an initial point of departure. This exhibition explores these two contrasting approaches to his work: one presents a material looking for meaning, and the other presents an image searching for physical resurrection. Both series reflect on the condition of historical artifacts in contemporary times.

Museum of Ashes

In the evening of September 2nd, 2018, a fire consumed the entirety of the National Museum in Rio de Janeiro, burning nearly all of its historic and scientific collections amassed over the course of two hundred years. The blaze destroyed the exceptional Egyptian, pre-Colombian, and indigenous Brazilian collections, an entomology department with over five million specimens, South American dinosaur fossils, and Luzia, the earliest humanoid skull found in the American continent. The museum was Muniz’s favorite cultural institution in the city, a place he often visited with his children.

“I cried upon learning of the fire as if I had lost something personal, some kind of string that held the insanity of my present together. Brazil is a young country with a strategic neglect for its history and a ravenous appetite for the instantaneous. No other place in Brazil combined so much history and wonder. We already live with an increasing deficit of reality and seeing history go up in flames made me feel groundless, trapped in an infinite present. We can only be creative in a world of facts and tangible realities. A post-truth, nihilistic cultural environment inspires the opposite of creativity, which is baseless pragmatism. When the mind wanders entirely ignorant of time, illusion becomes a means of confinement.”

Muniz contacted the museum to see how he could help and learned of the extraordinary work of meta-archeology that the scientists were doing in recovering what little was left from the devastating incident.  He also learned of the limited resources they had to do their jobs. The archeologists agreed to provide Muniz with whatever material passed through the sifters and shared the precise location where the ashes had been collected.  Working from extant images, Muniz re-created the objects with material from their own ashes and photographed them.  Alongside these photos will be a series of objects created in collaboration with the Federal University of Rio and Pontificia Universidade Católica. These 3D printed objects are derived from existing tomography files of the museum’s now-destroyed items, built using the ashes collected from the sites of their specific displays. The results are a meditation on materiality within the context of the predominantly virtual relationship we maintain with the past. By fusing the form and the material of historical evidence, Muniz is not only attempting to rescue the memory of such objects but also to remind us that life, as well as art, is the product of an interplay between mind and material.

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Vik Muniz (Brazilian-American, born 1961) is distinguished as one of the most innovative and creative artists of our time. Endlessly playful and inventive in his approach, Muniz harnesses a remarkable virtuosity in creating his renowned photographic illusions.

Working with a dizzying array of unconventional materials—including sugar, tomato sauce, diamonds, magazine clippings, chocolate syrup, dust, and junk—Muniz painstakingly builds tableaux before recording them with his camera. From a distance, the subject of each resulting photograph is discernible; up close, the work reveals a complex and surprising matrix through which it was assembled. That revelatory moment when one thing transforms into another is of deep interest to the artist.

Muniz’s work often quotes iconic images from popular culture and art history, drawing on our sense of collective memory while defying easy classification and mischievously engaging a viewer’s process of perception. His more recent work incorporates electron microscopes and manipulates microorganisms to explore issues of scale while unveiling both the familiar and the strange in spaces that are typically inaccessible to the human eye.

This major mid-career retrospective canvasses more than twenty-five years of Muniz’s work to transform the ordinary into the extraordinary, reminding us of the power of art to surprise, delight, and transform our perceptions of the world.

Xippas Gallery
Rue des Sablons 6 & Rue des Bains 61, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland


Xippas Geneva is pleased to present Handmade, a solo exhibition by the Brazilian artist Vik Muniz.

The “handmade” works, as the title of the exhibition suggests, are the result of a hybrid process combining manual, or artisanal treatment – namely painting or collage – and high-resolution digital photography. The results are complex compositions, combining different techniques, making each work unique. Paper and cardboard are painted, cut out and superimposed on a surface, before being photographed in order to allow for manipulation, rearranging and further photographing, and so on. By creating different planes which reveal underlying elements and their photographs, Vik Muniz invents real trompe-l’œil where the objects and their photographic representations are interlinked in a visual game.

Inviting the spectator on a quest to distinguish between the object and its image, the artist pursues his research on the mechanisms of perception, a common thread throughout his work. Unlike the previous series, where images from the history of art or from collective memory were interpreted with unusual, but also daily, materials, Handmade attests to the recourse to artistic materials such as paper, cardboard or metal. Hence, this series refers to the fundamental principles of abstract art: color, form, and rhythm are used as the main components of the composition.

The works in this series, akin to geometric abstraction or Cubist paintings, play on volume and movement, transcending the two dimensions of the photographic image both symbolically and literally, in order to reconnect with its materiality. The artist, therefore, experiments with photographic media to create compositions in three dimensions, where the layers of paint, shapes cut out in the metal, and the shadows duplicate each other and overlap, merging with their images. Like bas-reliefs, these volume works contain a simulation, hovering between “truth” and illusion, between reality and its double.

The material trace of the artistic gesture which is therefore present in each piece alludes to the creation process without revealing it. On the contrary, it becomes increasingly mysterious as the eye loses itself, compelled to travel over the different planes of the image.

The construction of the image thereby invites the viewer to deconstruct it by the gaze. In this new series, Vik Muniz explores the nature of perception, playing on the dichotomy between the object and its representation, and reinventing the possibilities of the construction of the photographic image. The increasingly porous border between the object and its copy reveals the mechanism behind our ways of seeing and understanding the image. In the digital age, where images increasingly take the place of objects and their manipulation becomes an integral part of daily life, reproducibility becomes one of the legitimate principles of creation. As the artist says, “there is now hardly any difference between a piece of work and its image”. In his new series, he develops a reflection on the fleeting concept of material reality and its possible interpretations. The aim of the illusion created by Vik Muniz is therefore not simply to destabilize our perception, but to “reveal the architecture of our concept of truth”- 1

1 – Vik Muniz, Natura Pictrix. Interviews and Essays on Photography, Edgewise, New York – Paris – Turin, 2003, p. 47


Visit Xippas Gallery website here.

Xippas Gallery is pleased to present Handmade, Vik Muniz’s new solo exhibition. In this new series, Vik Muniz explores the nature of perception, playing on the dichotomy between the object and its representation, and reinventing the possibilities of the construction of the photographic image.

The “handmade” works, as the title of the exhibition suggests, are the result of a hybrid process combining manual, or artisanal treatment – namely painting or collage – and high-resolution digital photography. The results are complex compositions, each unique pieces, combining different techniques: paper and cardboard are painted, cut out and superimposed on a surface, before being photographed in order to allow for manipulation, rearranging and further photographing, and so on.

By creating different planes which reveal underlying elements and their photographs, Vik Muniz invents real trompe-l’œil where the objects and their photographic representations are interlinked in a visual game.

The works in this series, akin to geometric abstraction or Cubist paintings, play on volume and movement, transcending the two dimensions of the photographic image both symbolically and literally, in order to reconnect with its materiality. The artist, therefore, experiments with photographic media and uses the technique of printing on aluminum to create compositions in three dimensions, where the layers of paint, shapes cut out in the metal, and the shadows duplicate each other and overlap, merging with their images. Like bas-reliefs, these volume works contain a simulation, hovering between “truth” and illusion, between reality and its double.

The increasingly porous border between the object and its copy reveals the mechanism behind our ways of seeing and understanding the image. In the digital age, where images increasingly take the place of objects and their manipulation becomes an integral part of daily life, reproducibility becomes one of the legitimate principles of creation. As the artist says, “there is now hardly any difference between a piece of work and its image”. In his new series, he develops a reflection on the fleeting concept of material reality and its possible interpretations. The aim of the illusion created by Vik Muniz is therefore not simply to destabilize our perception, but to “reveal the architecture of our concept of truth”.

Galerie Xippas Paris
108 Rue Vieille du Temple,
75003 Paris,
France